Art of making metal vises



2 SheetS-Sheet 1.

Patented Deo. 11, 1888.

l"IHmmunlml/i mi! IH, T |y| R JOHNSON ART 0F MAKING METAL VISES.

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R. JOHNSON.

ART 0F MAKING METAL VISES.

N0. 394,540. Patented Dec. 11,1888.

NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

RICHARD JOHNSON, OF FREEPORT, ASSIGNOR TO FREDERICK C. AUSTIN, OFCHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

ART OF MAKING METAL VISES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 394,540, dated December11, 1888.

Application filed June 18, 1888. Serial No. 277,490. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that l, RICHARD JOHNSON, a citizen of the United States,residing at Freeport, in the county of Stephenson and State of Illinois,have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in the Art of MakingMetal Vises, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to the production of 1o metal vises, involving, asa matter of construction, a pair of wrought-iron or soft-steel standardsprovided with steel-faced jaws and connected together by means of a flatlug projecting from one standard and pivotally held between a couple ofcorrespondingly-formed lugs, which likewise proj ect laterally from theother standard.

The practice of forging and finishing by a succession of manualoperations the said comzo ponent members of vises has been slow, la-

borious, and expensive, and while requiring the employment of skilledlabor has failed to produce uniformly-finished work, and has furtherfailed to produce such uniformity of 2 5 shape and construction as wouldat all times permit one of the such members finished up by a workman forone vise to be interchanged with a corresponding member destined by thesame or some other workman for another 3o vise.

The objects of my invention are to overcome all of the foregoing defectsand objectionable features heretofore incident to the hand-forging andhand-finishing of such metal 3 5 -visesg to avoid the frequentreheatings heretofore necessary; to produce said articles in a rapid,economical, and accurate way; to provide a better article, and to renderthe production of the vises a commercial success.

4o To illustrate my improvement, Figure 1 of the annexed drawingsrepresents in perspective the upper portion of a blank orpartiallyformed vise-standard, and indicates in dotted lines a block orblank and face-plate piled thereon. Fig. 2 represents in perspective theaforesaid blank, and Fig. 3 is a like view of the aforesaid face-plate.Fig. i represents a small block designed to form a knob on the back ofthe upper jaw portion of the Visestandard. Fig. 5 is aperspective viewof one of the dies, which in Fig. 7 constitutes the lower die. Fig. 6 isa top plan View of said lower die, E, and represents in dotted lines theposition to be occupied bythe mandrel G of Fig. 7. Fig. 7 is a sectiontaken on a ver- 55 tical plane through both dies brought together, andindicates the standard having its jaw portion formed by the union of theblank or partially-formed vise-standard shown in Fig.

1, with blank B and face-plate C, as herein- 6o after set forth. Fig. 8represents in perspective the upper die, E, of Fig. 7, the acting faceportion of said die being underneath in accordance with the properposition. Fig. 9 represents in side elevation the jaw portion of thevise-standard of Fig. 7 placed between the finishing-die portions H andH. Fig. 10 shows in perspective the upper finished jaw portion of thevise-standard. Fig. 11 shows the vise in elevation. Fig. 12 represents a7o portion of the vise-standard, broken for convenience of illustration,and shows the relative position of the two blanks or plates I that areto be welded thereto to form lugs for a pintle. Fig. 13 shows inperspective the 75 lower die, and Fig. 15 is a like view of the upperdie for welding plates I to the vise-standard. Fig. l-l shows incross-section said two dies brought together with the plates I welded tothe vise-standard and a mandrel, M, be- 8o tween certain portions of theplates, the line of section being transverse to the length of thevise-standard. Fig. 16 shows in perspective a portion of thevise-standard with the plates of Fig. 12 welded thereto, so as to form85 lugs a2. Fig. 17 is a perspective View of one, and Fig. 18 aperspective view of another, of apair of dies for finishing thevise-standard. Fig. 19 is a section taken on a vertical plane throughthe dies of Figs. 17 and 18 brought 9o together, with the block N (shownin dotted lines, Fig. 17) piled on the vise-standard and welded to thesame. Fig. 2O shows the lower portion of the short vise-standard, havinga lug, a3, formed by welding the aforesaid blank or block N to thevise-standard.

In carrying out my invention l provide in any suitable way a set ofblanks, such as shown in Figs. l, 2, 3, and 4, wherein A is a metalblank which is to form one of the 10o vise standards CL and the bodyportion CL of the jaw thereon; B, a metal blank which is to form theprojecting gripping portion of the jaw; C, a steel plate which is toprovide a facing for said gripping portion of the jaw, and D a metalblock which is to form upon the rear side of the body portion of thejawa knob,which,while not strictly necessary to the construction andoperation of a vise, is invariably demanded by the trade as a matternecessary to its finish. These four blanks are piled together at awelding heat within a die, E, (such as shown in Figs. 5, 6, and 7,) andwhile at a welding heat vunited by the conjoint action of said die E anda die, F, which latter is represented in Figs. 7 and S. The mode ofpiling together the four blanks A, B, C, and D will be understood byreferring to Fig. 7, wherein the separation of the blanks from oneanother preparatory to the operation of uniting them into a single pieceis indicated by dotted lines. The action of the dies E and F serves tounite the blanks and properly shape the jaw, which, when shaped, willappear substantially as in Fig. 10. Preparatory to bringing the diestogether a mandrel, G, Fig. 7, may be fitted within the hole CL2, whichis formed through the stand ard portion CL of the blank A as an openingfor the usual j aw-adjusting bolt.

After the blanks A, B, C, and D have been united to provide thestandardl with a proporly-constructed jaw, the jaw is desirablysubjected to the action of the edge-finishing dies H and H', which serveto obliterate such web as may have been formed by the action of the diesE and F.

The foregoing mode of operation requires no change in making either ofthe two jaws of a vise, whereby by repeated operations any desirednumber of vise-standards having uniformly-constructed jaws may beproduced. In these vises one of the vise-standards is provided with apair of laterally-projecting ears or lugs, CL2, which are arrangedparallel with one another, while the other standard is provided with asingle laterally-projecting flat lug, CL3, Fig. l1, adapted to enter thespace between the said pair of lugs, so that by providing the lugs withpivotrholes the single lug can, by a suitable pivotbe hinged between thepair of lugs.

In order to provide vise-standards with the lugs CL2, I provide a coupleof metal blanks or plates, I, Fig. l2, and avise-standard, heat allthree to a welding heat, then pile them within a die K, (such as shownin Figs. 13 and 14,) and then by the conjoint action of the said die Kand a die, L, (such as illustrated in Figs.'14 and 15,) unite the saidblanks and standard, so as to provide the latter with the lugs CL2, asshown in Figs. ll and 16.

The proper relative position of the piled blanks I and standard is tosome extent indicated in Fig. l2, but more accurately shown in Fig. 14,wherein the separation of the piled blanks and standard preparatory tothe union of the three is indicated by dott-ed lines. In said figure asteel mandrel, M,.is shown placed between the projecting portions of theblanks I, in order to insure properultimate shape of the lugs and permitthe dies to bevel the edgesV of the blanks.

As a means for providing certain other of the vise-standards with thesingle lugs 0,3, I first provide a vise-standard and a metal blank, N,which, as indicated in dotted lines, Fig. 17, consists of a rectangularblock or plate, preferably beveled at one end. This blank N and thevise-standard are then heated to a welding heat and placed together in adie, P, as illustrated in dotted lines, Fig. 17, and then by theconjoint action of the die P and a die, P, as in Fig. 19 the blank andthe standard vare united, so as to provide the standard with .the singlelateral lug CL3. (Shown in Figs. 11 and 20.) After uniting the blank Nand the standard, the article should be subjected to the action of diesQ and Q, so as to remove any web which may have been formed in weldingtogether the said blank and standard, and after producing a standardwith a pair of lugs, CL2, and a standard with a lug, CL3, all of saidlugs can be bored to provide them with suitable pivot-holes.

In Fig. 1I one of the standards is shown provided with an extension,CL4, which, however, has no relation to my'invention.

By the foregoing operation one workman can rapidly turn ont vises,whereby the employmentof several workmen, as heretofore incident to theold art, is avoided. Thevises made in accordance with my improvement arealso superior in uniformity of form and structure Aand have a far betterfinish than can be at-` tained by hand-forging, and obviously muchsaving in time, labor, and expense is effected.

-While the blanks C, which serve to face the vise-jaws, are made ofsteel,l the remaining blanks are all made either of wroughtfiron or softsteel, wrought-iron being, however, preferred. It will be obvious thatthe vise-jaws could be formed upon the standards without the knobs whichthe blanks D are intended to form upon the outer or rear sides of thejaws, and that after piling together the blanks A, B, and O, and unitingthem as hereinbefore set forth, the knob could be subsequently applied.It Will, however, involve greater economy in and rapidity of productionto pile together the blanks A, B, C, and D in the first instance.

What I claim as my invention is l. The within-described improvement inthe art of making vise-jaws, consisting in'preparing the blanks A, B,and C, piling them together at a welding heat, and while at such heatuniting said blanks by die-pressure, substantially as set forth.

2. The within-described improvement inthe art of makingfvise-jaws,consisting in preparing the blanks A, B, C, and D, piling them to- IOOIIO

art of providing vise-standards with the single lugs CL3, consisting inpiling together at a Welding heat a Standard, a, and a blank, N, andWhile at a Welding heat uniting' said 15 blank and standard bydie-pressure, Substantiall57 as set forth.

RICHARD JOHNSON.

lVitnesses:

CHAS. G. PAGE, N. DICKINSON.

